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Disease Profile

Hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy

Prevalence
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.

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US Estimated

Europe Estimated

Age of onset

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ICD-10

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Inheritance

Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.

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Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.

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X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.

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X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.

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Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.

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Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.

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Not applicable

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Other names (AKA)

Brachial plexus neuropathy, hereditary; Amyotrophy, hereditary neuralgic, with predilection for brachial plexus; Hereditary brachial plexus neuropathy;

Categories

Congenital and Genetic Diseases

Summary

Hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy is a type of nervous system disease that affects the group of nerves that control movement in the arms and shoulders called the brachial plexus. Signs and symptoms usually begin around 20 years of age and may include episodes of severe pain and muscle loss in one or both shoulders and arms. These symptoms may last for a few hours to a few weeks. Complications such as decreased sensation, abnormal sensations (e.g., numbness and tingling), chronic pain, and impaired movement may develop overtime. Attacks may occur by chance or may be triggered (e.g., by exercise, childbirth, surgery, infection etc.). Individuals in some families with this condition sometimes share additional distinct physical and facial characteristics.[1][2] Hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy can be caused by mutations in the SEPT9 gene. Mutations in the SEPT9 gene are inherited in an autosomal dominant manner.[1][3] Treatment for this condition is typically focused on pain management.[3][2]

Symptoms

This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.

Medical Terms Other Names
Learn More:
HPO ID
5%-29% of people have these symptoms
Hyporeflexia
Decreased reflex response
Decreased reflexes

[ more ]

0001265
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO
Autosomal dominant inheritance
0000006
Axonal degeneration
0040078
Blepharophimosis
Narrow opening between the eyelids
0000581
Brachial plexus neuropathy
0045054
Cleft palate
Cleft roof of mouth
0000175
Deeply set eye
Deep set eye
Deep-set eyes
Sunken eye

[ more ]

0000490
Depressed nasal bridge
Depressed bridge of nose
Flat bridge of nose
Flat nasal bridge
Flat, nasal bridge
Flattened nasal bridge
Low nasal bridge
Low nasal root

[ more ]

0005280
Epicanthus
Eye folds
Prominent eye folds

[ more ]

0000286
Facial asymmetry
Asymmetry of face
Crooked face
Unsymmetrical face

[ more ]

0000324
Hypotelorism
Abnormally close eyes
Closely spaced eyes

[ more ]

0000601
Long nasal bridge
0033142
Low-set ears
Low set ears
Lowset ears

[ more ]

0000369
Muscle weakness
Muscular weakness
0001324
Narrow mouth
Small mouth
0000160
Peripheral axonal degeneration
0000764
Peripheral neuropathy
0009830
Ptosis
Drooping upper eyelid
0000508
Short stature
Decreased body height
Small stature

[ more ]

0004322
Skeletal muscle atrophy
Muscle degeneration
Muscle wasting

[ more ]

0003202
Upslanted palpebral fissure
Upward slanting of the opening between the eyelids
0000582

Diagnosis

Making a diagnosis for a genetic or rare disease can often be challenging. Healthcare professionals typically look at a person’s medical history, symptoms, physical exam, and laboratory test results in order to make a diagnosis. The following resources provide information relating to diagnosis and testing for this condition. If you have questions about getting a diagnosis, you should contact a healthcare professional.

Testing Resources

  • The Genetic Testing Registry (GTR) provides information about the genetic tests for this condition. The intended audience for the GTR is health care providers and researchers. Patients and consumers with specific questions about a genetic test should contact a health care provider or a genetics professional.
  • Orphanet lists international laboratories offering diagnostic testing for this condition.

    Organizations

    Support and advocacy groups can help you connect with other patients and families, and they can provide valuable services. Many develop patient-centered information and are the driving force behind research for better treatments and possible cures. They can direct you to research, resources, and services. Many organizations also have experts who serve as medical advisors or provide lists of doctors/clinics. Visit the group’s website or contact them to learn about the services they offer. Inclusion on this list is not an endorsement by GARD.

    Organizations Supporting this Disease

      Learn more

      These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

      Where to Start

      • The MerckManual online reference Web site provides information on plexus disorders in general. Click on MerckManual to view the information page.
      • Genetics Home Reference (GHR) contains information on Hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy. This website is maintained by the National Library of Medicine.
      • The National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD) has a report for patients and families about this condition. NORD is a patient advocacy organization for individuals with rare diseases and the organizations that serve them.

        In-Depth Information

        • GeneReviews provides current, expert-authored, peer-reviewed, full-text articles describing the application of genetic testing to the diagnosis, management, and genetic counseling of patients with specific inherited conditions.
        • Medscape Reference provides information on this topic. You may need to register to view the medical textbook, but registration is free.
        • MeSH® (Medical Subject Headings) is a terminology tool used by the National Library of Medicine. Click on the link to view information on this topic.
        • The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
        • Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. 
        • PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.

          References

          1. Hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy. Genetics Home Reference. September 2009; https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/hereditary-neuralgic-amyotrophy.
          2. van Alfen N. Hereditary Neuralgic Amyotrophy. National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD). 2017; https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/hereditary-neuralgic-amyotrophy/.
          3. Nigel L Ashworth. Brachial Neuritis. Medscape Reference. January 18, 2017; https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/315811-overview.