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Disease Profile

Gorlin Chaudhry Moss syndrome

Prevalence
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.

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US Estimated

Europe Estimated

Age of onset

Neonatal

ICD-10

Q87.0

Inheritance

Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.

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Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.

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X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.

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X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.

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Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.

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Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.

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Not applicable

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Other names (AKA)

Craniofacial dysostosis, patent ductus arteriosus, hypertrichosis, hypoplasia of labia majora, dental and eye anomalies; GCM syndrome; Gorlin-Chaudhry-Moss syndrome

Categories

Congenital and Genetic Diseases; Skin Diseases

Summary

The following summary is from Orphanet, a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs.
orphanet

Orpha Number: 2095

Definition
Gorlin-Chaudhry-Moss (GCM) syndrome is a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome characterized by craniofacial dysostosis, facial dysmorphism, conductive hearing loss, generalized hypertrichosis, and extremity, ocular and dental anomalies.

Epidemiology
To date, 7 cases of GCM have been described in the world literature and all patients are female with no known parental consanguinity.

Clinical description
GCM is a congenital disorder in which patients present with a stocky body build, normal intelligence, coronal craniosynostosis, facial dysmorphism (brachy/turricephaly, low anterior and posterior hairline, coarse hair, synophrys, depressed supraorbital ridges, short and downslanted or upslanted palpebral fissures, ectropion of lower eyelid, underdeveloped ala nasi, prominent columella, midface hypoplasia, and underdeveloped small ears with increased posterior angulation), conductive hearing loss, ocular (coloboma of the eyelid (see this term), hyperopia, microphthalmia) and oro-dental (microdontia, irregularly shaped widely spaced teeth, oligodontia (see this term), narrow, and high arched narrow palate with medial cleft) anomalies and generalized hypertrichosis. Anomalies of the extremities (hypoplastic distal phalanges, small/aplastic nails, cutaneous syndactyly, absent flexion crease of the thumbs, single transverse palmar creases), umbilical hernia, and hypoplasia of labia majora are also observed. Other additional features that may be observed include congenital laryngomalacia and heart disease (patent arterial duct) (see these terms). Progeroid syndrome, Petty type and Saethre-Chotzen syndrome (see these terms) have overlapping features with GCM syndrome and should be considered in the differential diagnosis.

Etiology
The etiology is still unknown and, to date, no causative gene has been implicated in the physiopathology of GCM.

Genetic counseling
GCM is considered to be inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. However, the lack of consanguinity combined with the fact that all affected patients are female could suggest a de novo X-linked dominant disorder with male lethality.

Visit the Orphanet disease page for more resources.

Symptoms

This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.

Medical Terms Other Names
Learn More:
HPO ID
80%-99% of people have these symptoms
Abnormal foot morphology
Abnormal feet structure
Abnormality of the feet
Abnormality of the foot
Foot deformities
Foot deformity

[ more ]

0001760
Abnormality of the metacarpal bones
Abnormality of the long bone of hand
0001163
Abnormality of vision
Abnormality of sight
Vision issue

[ more ]

0000504
Brachycephaly
Short and broad skull
0000248
Coarse hair
Coarse hair texture
0002208
Conductive hearing impairment
Conductive deafness
Conductive hearing loss

[ more ]

0000405
Congenital craniofacial dysostosis
0008497
Coronal craniosynostosis
0004440
Generalized hirsutism
Excessive hairiness over body
0002230
Hypertelorism
Wide-set eyes
Widely spaced eyes

[ more ]

0000316
Low anterior hairline
Low frontal hairline
Low-set frontal hairline

[ more ]

0000294
Nystagmus
Involuntary, rapid, rhythmic eye movements
0000639
Oligodontia
Failure of development of more than six teeth
0000677
Short distal phalanx of finger
Short outermost finger bone
0009882
Short stature
Decreased body height
Small stature

[ more ]

0004322
Underdeveloped supraorbital ridges
Flattened bony protrusion above eyes
0009891
30%-79% of people have these symptoms
Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the nasal bone
0010940
Astigmatism
Abnormal curving of the cornea or lens of the eye
0000483
Hypoplasia of the maxilla
Decreased size of maxilla
Decreased size of upper jaw
Maxillary deficiency
Maxillary retrusion
Small maxilla
Small upper jaw
Small upper jaw bones
Upper jaw deficiency
Upper jaw retrusion

[ more ]

0000327
Patent ductus arteriosus
0001643
Sclerocornea
Hardening of skin and connective tissue
0000647
Umbilical hernia
0001537
5%-29% of people have these symptoms
Intellectual disability, mild
Mental retardation, borderline-mild
Mild and nonprogressive mental retardation
Mild mental retardation

[ more ]

0001256
Upper eyelid coloboma
Cleft upper eyelid
Notched upper eyelid

[ more ]

0000636

Treatment

FDA-Approved Treatments

The medication(s) listed below have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as orphan products for treatment of this condition. Learn more orphan products.

  • Ibuprofen lysine(Brand name: NeoProfen®) Manufactured by Lundbeck Inc.
    FDA-approved indication: For closure of a clinically significant patent ductus arteriosus in premature infants weighing between 500 and 1500 g, who are no more than 32 weeks gestational age when usual medical management (e.g., fluid restriction, diuretics, respiratory support, et
    National Library of Medicine Drug Information Portal

Learn more

These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

Where to Start

  • The National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD) has a report for patients and families about this condition. NORD is a patient advocacy organization for individuals with rare diseases and the organizations that serve them.

In-Depth Information

  • The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
  • Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. 
  • Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.
  • PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Gorlin Chaudhry Moss syndrome. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.